Rural women face higher violence, fewer support services — study

By Juliane Judilla

QUEZON CITY — Women in rural areas experience significantly higher levels of violence than those in urban communities, according to a new study that cites isolation, limited access to services and economic pressures as major factors increasing their vulnerability.

The findings were released ahead of the International Day for the Elimination of Violence Against Women, which marks the start of the 18-day campaign to end violence against women from Nov. 25 to Dec. 12.

The research, titled “Effects of Climate Change, Environmental Disaster, and Food Insecurity on Gender-Based Violence,” was conducted by Ateneo Development Economics students in cooperation with the National Coalition of Rural Women.

Researchers found that emotional violence remains prevalent nationwide.

Citing data from the 2022 National Demographic and Health Survey, the study said emotional violence is the most widespread form of intimate partner violence across the country, with high levels reported in the National Capital Region, Western Visayas, the Davao Region and Mimaropa.

While physical IPV was less common, the study said it remains a persistent concern in NCR, Western Visayas and Eastern Visayas, highlighting the need for sustained interventions.

The researchers said women with only primary education experience higher rates of violence, noting increased vulnerability among those with limited schooling.

They said women with higher educational attainment reported lower levels of IPV, suggesting that education strengthens economic opportunities, negotiation power and awareness of rights.

Economic insecurity also emerged as a key driver of violence.

The study found IPV to be highest among women in the poorest households, with prevalence decreasing as wealth increased.

“IPV is highest among women in the poorest households, and the prevalence decreases progressively as wealth increases,” the study says.

“This relationship highlights the role of economic insecurity in constraining women’s options for safety and seeking help, thereby increasing their susceptibility to violence.”